There are many ways that people like to wager bets on their beliefs. It has typically been in a lottery kind of environment where the payout is a lot of money for a very small chance. In those cases it is usually, a big brother – the casino – the gambling house or even the…
Most patients have blood pressure – about 50% have high BP. 100M people have it. Secondary hypertension ( causes which are not primary genetic etc) sleep apnea hyperthyroidism hyperaldosteronism Coartation of arota (pinching of artery) Renal artery stenosis (plaque in kidney artery). Kidney wants blood pressure and hence they sometimes can cause high blood pressure)…
Almost 90% of ALS is thought to be sporadic. The reasons are not well understood and thought to be oxidative stress, damaged endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, cytoskeleton or misregulation of RNA pathways. One protein implicated is TDP43 which sits as a junction of ALS pathogenic path by binding to RNA modulation synthesis, splicing, stability and transport….
NF1 – major optic glioama Half of them will be affected and others not. The eye is affected even though glioma’s are not life threatening. The tumor and eye will not be matched in some cases. Visual acuity – Vision develops in childhood – they do not see 20/20 till they are 6 years old….
LDH (Lactose dehyrogenase) is a biomarker for tissue injury or cell lysis anywhere in the body. Typically it was used for heart damage during myocardial infarction where it was a cardiac necrosis marker. It is also possible that it is a liver disease biomarker that shows liver injury by itself or in cancer metastasis. In…
Pricing is an important factor of all business. Every business tries to make a decision on how best to set its prices and there are so many variables that the company must consider to make a decision. Consider a few approaches. The simplest approach is adding a profit factor to the cost and using that…
This is an approach to design polymers that recognize materials which may be of biological origin. Their advantage is their high selectivity and affinity for the target molecule. The high level view of the process to create such a polymer is relatively simple though the devil may be in the details. In the presence of…
Bile duct cancer or cholangiocarcinoma, (CCA) is a rare cancer with an incidence of ~3 cases per 100,000 with 10,000 new case diagnosed annually. It is about 10-20% of liver cancers. Interestingly, in Thailand, and some south east asian countries, the incidence is nearly 10 fold higher due to liver fluke infections (Opisthorchis viverrini and…
In alligator length estimation, the snout-eye-length is an approximation of length used for some species and speaks about proportionality of growth. For example, each inch length from the eye of the crocodile to the end of the snout equals the length of the alligator. For example 3 inches of snout-eye-length implies that the alligator is…
It has been traditionally thought that for bone health, sufficient calcium is required. However, it is just not calcium. A vitamin called Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and K2 (menaquinone) in combination with Vitamin D2 and calcium is important for activating a protein called osteocalcin which binds to calcium to build bones. Osteocalcin is also involved in…
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