A term that was created in 2010 called “liquid biopsy” became the standard for much of the screening of cancer that is done using blood to check for cancer cells though the NCI definition is specific for cancer and used to include its applications in detecting cancer and determining therapeutic efficacy : https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/liquid-biopsy The first…
Everyone is exposed to complex topics and AI LLM based chatbots help in the understanding if a conversation is needed. Another way is to observe it visually. A company is doing is very well and explaining complex things visually. They have taken on complex tasks explaining scientific topics and their illustrations and videos can simplify…
It is surprising how much gets discussed about making the right tea. From an efficiency perspective, a kettle is the most efficient way to boil water. https://hackaday.com/2026/04/02/addressing-the-divisive-topic-that-is-boiling-water/ And using the boiled water is thought to be the most effective. There have been numerous discussions on how the microwave heated water is not at a uniform…
Bayreuth GmbH: Thermoset formulations are made by trial and error and by SME. Sometimes made by Design of experiments and in future by ML. Bayesian optimization: Eg: Bio based formulations – such as epoxy amine reactions by trying to determine the glass transition temperature. Also – machine learning to develop flame retardant formulations. Then it…
Circolide: We are dependent on fossil carbon for materials around us. Polymeric materials such as acrylate is produced from fossil based materials and used for decorative and functional and usually used as coatings or in plexi-glass materials. This is a $15B + market with 8.6 Metric tons. This molecule is based on fossil feed stock….
PET is used in drug discovery: PET in patient selection Process: Cyclotron is used, chemistry and formulation and then imaging and analysis. PET Takes time to make the probe: 20 mins to make the probe For brain usually short half life is used – Carbon 11 – 20 minutes, Fluorine 18 109 minutes, Nitrogen 13…
Development is complex: Usually are highly cancer specific, high persistent expression throughout the tumor and metastasis, readily accessible on the cell surface, not shed and thoroughly validated. Many isotopes are possible and many targets possible such as Nectin4, DLL3, FAP, Somatostatin receptors, PSMA, Integrins, CXCR4, Claudin 18.2, Norepinephrine transporter, EGFR2. Clearance from tumor will matter…
A classic case of etiology of disease is the incidence of ALS like symptoms in Guam among the local residents called Chamarro. During the Japanese occupation they were very malnourished and had diseases caused by malnutrition. In addition, they were forced to eat Cycad seeds which are toxic if not treated, but it is possible…
Tuberculosis (TB) is the no 1 infectious disease killer all over the world but there has not been much development in new therapeutics till recently. There are 2 ways to address TB. Vaccine and therapeutics. The current vaccine for TB has been BCG which is not very effective in adults is still useful in children…
Talk to knowledge graph – sparql-tool Use LLM.: Hallucinations (sometimes good for creativity), Outdated knowledge, no access to your data ( trained on public knowledge). Solutions: Fine tuning – retrain the model on domain data RAG – Search: look things up in real time. Claude code looks at searched doc. Vector embeddings: semantic similarity search…
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